What is Anemia? Causes of Anemia and classification of Anemia?

Anemia:

Anemia is the present where Hb in peripheral blood below the lower extreme of the normal range for the age and sex of the individual.

Ex:

*Decrease R B C

* Decrease Hb

* Decrease O2 carrying capacity

Causes of Anemia:

*Excessive blood loss

*Increased Hemolytic

*Infection

*Nutritional deficiency

*Failure of the function of marroal.

Classification of Anemia:

We can classify anemia-

1. Clinical Anemia.   2. Etiological    3.Based on Hb and size

1. Clinical Anemia:

*Mild                  60-70% Hb

*Moderate         40-60Hb

*Based on Hb and cell size.

2. Etiological Anemia:

*Deficiency of Anemia:  # Folic acid and vitamin B12 # Iron deficiency

*Deficiency Anemia:  #Megalobostic:-

                   1. A plastic anemia: Due to destruction of bone marrow.

                   2. Hemolytic anemia: Due to distraction of RB C

3. Based oh Hb and cell size:

Cell size	Hb concentration	Anemia
Narmocytic	Norm chromic	A plastic, Hemorrhagic
Microcrystal	Hypo chromic	Iron deficiency Anemia
Macrocytic	Hyper c	Megaloblastic